Dimensions of Healthy Lifestyles During the COVID-19 Confinement in the Mexican Population

Lifestyles are based on the interaction between living conditions and individual behavior patterns that are determined by sociocultural factors and personal characteristics. This study aims to analyze the dimensions associated with a healthy lifestyle and their relationship with demographic variables during the confinement as a result of COVID-19 in the Mexican population. A quantitative design with a descriptive and comparative scope was used, in which 313 residents of Mexico, aged 18 to 63 years, participated. The population was selected through convenience sampling. The instrument used contained a section for demographic data, the Lifestyle Profile Questionnaire and Health Promoter II (PEPS II), which obtained a Cronbach alpha of.934. Significant differences were found between the demographic variables of gender, alcohol and cigarette consumption, as well as a health-promoting lifestyle profile. Low scores were observed in the dimension of physical activity and stress in women, while in men in the dimension of responsibility in health and stress management. The dimensions of physical activity and stress were the most affected in the study, showing the least significant areas for Mexicans. Based on the results, a model of psychosocial intervention is proposed to promote a change of attitude towards healthier lifestyles.

Improving Access to Extracranial-Intracranial Bypass Surgery in Border Hispanic Communities Utilizing Collaborative Approach Between Plastics and Neurological Surgery

INTRODUCTION: Hispanic patients such as those with Moyamoya disease are less likely to receive surgical revascularization therapy due to inequities in access (1). Our institution is a located in the Southern Texas- Mexico border region serving a largely Hispanic population. We previously referred patients for EC-IC bypass to other quaternary-care centers in Texas. While referrals were already challenging due to distance, mixed immigration status, and poor socioeconomic background of many patients;COVID-19 further exacerbated this problem with restriction of elective surgical volume. METHOD(S): A consecutive series of EC-IC bypasses performed by authors (SKD and MDLG) were retrospectively reviewed. Baseline clinical, perioperative radiographic, and post-operative outcomes were studied. All patients were offered option of a referral to a quaternary-care centers and also given local option for performing bypass surgery. Further, patients met preoperatively with both the plastic and neurological surgeon. Ultimately, decision was made by patient. RESULT(S): A total of 6 craniotomies for EC-IC bypass were performed during the study period. The diagnoses included Moyamoya in 5 cases and symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis in one. All patients were Hispanic, female, and nonsmokers with mean age of 35.6 years. Mean preoperative HBa1c was 7.9, preoperative LDL was 82, and mean preoperative hemoglobin was 11.3. Direct bypass was performed in 40% of cases. Mean OR time was 3 hours and 7 minutes. CONCLUSION(S): We have found collaboration between plastic and neurological surgery for surgical revascularization is feasible and improved access to care for Hispanic Moyamoya disease patients residing in a border community.

[Perception of the staff in training on patient's safety during the COVID-19 pandemic]

Background: The recent pandemic has presented several challenges in relation to patient safety with the increase of cognitive, depressive and anxiety symptoms in health workers due to the fear of being infected from COVID-19. Objective: To determine the relationship between anxiety, depression and fear of COVID-19, with the perception of the patient safety environment in medical residents. Material and methods: Observational, cross-sectional, prospective and analytical study. 258 subjects were surveyed. Medical residents who agreed to participate, whose age or sex was of no importance, were included. It was assessed the perception of the patient safety environment through the self-administered Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) questionnaire;the depression and anxiety symptoms by using Beck's self-applied inventories for each entity, and the fear of COVID-19 by using a scale developed with the same name. The Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated. Results: A negative linear relationship was found within most of the dimensions explored by the AHRQ questionnaire and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. This relationship was observed too with the Beck Depression Inventory, except in 3 of those dimensions. No statistically significant relationship was found in the Fear of COVID-19 scale. Conclusions: There is a relationship between the degree of anxiety and depression symptoms in residents with the results in the AHRQ questionnaire;however, this result is not reproducible with the Fear of COVID-19 test or other sociodemographic measurement parameters.

Skin manifestations in COVID-19 patients

BACKGROUND: In December 2019, the largest pandemic we have faced in recent years began. As of the last day of August 2020 more than 25 million cases had been reported with more than 800,000 deaths worldwide caused by the disease called COVID-19. Manifestations of the disease include fever, dry cough, headache and anosmia, among others. With the advance of the pandemic, dermatologists around the world have published data on the skin manifestations of the disease, seeking to contribute to a better diagnosis. Likewise, there have been dermatological manifestations in health personnel and the general population derived from the use of personal protection and adverse effects of hygiene products. OBJECTIVES: To review dermatological manifestations related to COVID-19, as well as to review on prevention and treatment of cutaneous lesions in health professionals due to the use of personal protection equipment. METHODOLOGY: A review of the cases published from January 1st to August 29th, 2020 on the PubMed server was carried out with the keywords "Dermatology AND COVID-19". RESULTS: One hundred and sixty-two clinical cases were found in 102 publications. The average age of patients was 42.6 years with a median of 40. Regarding the sex when it was registered, the manifestations were more frequent in the female (48.76%). The skin lesions were very varied and the most frequently reported were acroischemic lesions, also described as perniosis, rashes or erythematous plaques, and urticaria. CONCLUSIONS: The role of dermatology in a pandemic of this magnitude is of vital importance in various areas;such as the investigation of possible cutaneous manifestations that facilitate the diagnosis or provide new information. to reduce or prevent injuries caused by protective equipment in health personnel.